Water is the source of life, the key to production, and the foundation of the ecosystem. United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (UN-SDG) 6 explicitly calls for ensuring the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all, profoundly highlighting the core of water security and sustainable development in social progress and ecological health. However, the global water situation remains severe: currently, over 2 billion people live in water-stressed countries, and approximately 800 million people lack access to safe and clean drinking water. In China, about 30% of the land area is experiencing severe to extreme water scarcity, and nearly two-thirds of cities face varying degrees of water supply difficulties. Scientifically managing water resources, ensuring inclusive access to clean drinking water, and enhancing the resilience of water resource systems have become major strategic issues crucial to future development.

 Global change is profoundly impacting the Earth system and the future of humanity in unprecedented ways. Extreme hydrological events such as basin rainstorms and floods, urban water logging, and widespread persistent droughts are becoming more frequent and intense. Read More